Abstract
Under the policy support of electricity market reform and the promotion of microgrids in grid-connected operation mode construction in China, the sales side of electricity market is gradually liberalized. Microgrids are developing rapidly through participating in the electricity market competition. In order to find the multi-player game relationship of real-time electricity market with multi-microgrid in grid-connected operation mode and provide an incentive for electricity trading among microgrids, we propose a transactive real-time market trading mechanism based on the principle of proportional distribution. Through the analysis of multi-player game in real-time market, we build cost-benefit models of microgrids with power surplus and those with power shortage. Based on the game theory, non-cooperative game models with multi-buyer and multi-seller of microgrids with power surplus and those with power shortage are established. The existence of Nash equilibrium for the game models of microgrids with power surplus and those with power shortage has been proved and the Nash equilibrium is solved to obtain their optimal bid and selling strategies. The feasibility and validity of the proposed mechanism and models are proved through case study. The result demonstrates that all microgrids can obtain the best profits with their optimal strategies.
Highlights
As small-scale power distribution systems, microgrids (MGs) integrate renewable energy, load, energy storing device and energy management system organically [1]
Based on the market operation mechanism and the cost-benefit models mentioned in Section II and III, we propose non-cooperative game models for MGs with power surplus and those with power shortage respectively
From (23), we find that the strategies of MGs with power surplus only affect the profits of those with power shortage, but not affect their optimal strategies
Summary
As small-scale power distribution systems, microgrids (MGs) integrate renewable energy, load, energy storing device and energy management system organically [1]. Reference [20] proposed a real-time market trading model with multi-photovoltaic MGs based on the cooperative game. 2) Considering the renewable energy generation subsidies, energy storage benefits, generating costs, and electricity trading services cost, a comprehensive cost-benefit model of MGs with power surplus in real-time market trading process is built and applied to the non-cooperative game models. The market mechanism and game models proposed in this paper are proved to be feasible and effective by solving the optimal strategies and maximum profits of MGs through the case study, which can provide theoretical reference for the development and reform of the electricity market trading. DN proposes the constant selling and buying price to all MGs. The numbers of MGs with power surplus and those with power shortage in time slot T are I , J , respectively.
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