Operation and Refractories for Primary Steel

Abstract

Design demands both compositions and shapes for any particular application. Previous chapters concisely discussed several topics as a background of composition selection, a prime objective of this book. Chapter Unavailable onward preferentially emphasize the steel processing operational features, steel and slag chemistry, refractory lining, probable thermomechanical stress, and other important parameters to design the refractory composition. Operational features are discussed in five subsections: charging and blowing, mode of blowing, physicochemical change, tapping, and slag formation to highlight the steel production features. A brief on EAF has also been given as primary steelmaking. A brief on steel chemistry, slag composition, thermal stress, wear pattern, and lining thickness analysis is discussed before emphasizing refractory designing and lining. Despite refractory lining, continuous maintenance practice and the basic philosophy of working lining are highlighted.