Operações de consulta por similaridade em grandes bases de dados complexos

Abstract

Database Management Systems (DBMS) were developed to store and efficiently retrieve only data composed by numbers and small strings. However, over the last decades, there was an expressive increase in the volume and complexity of the data being managed, such as multimedia data (images, audio tracks and video), geo-referenced information and time series. Thus, the need to develop new techniques that allow the efficient handling of complex data types also increased. In order to support these data and the corresponding applications, the DBMS needs to support similarity queries, i.e., queries that search for objects similar to a query object according to a similarity measure. The need to support similarity queries in DBMS is also related to the integration of data mining techniques, which requires the DBMS acting as the provider for resources that allow the execution of basic operations for several existing data mining techniques. A basic operation for several of these techniques, such as clustering detection, is again the computation of similarity measures among pairs of objects of a data set. Although there is a need to execute these kind of queries in DBMS, the SQL standard does not allow the specification of similarity queries. Hence, this thesis aims at contributing to support such queries, integrating to the SQL the resources capable to execute similarity query operations over large sets of complex data.