Abstract
IntroductionQuality-assured antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) depends upon the knowledge and skills of laboratory staff. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Pakistan, such types of knowledge and skills are limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use openaccess online courses to improve the knowledge of laboratory staff involved in the detection and reporting of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).MethodologySeven online modules comprising 22 courses aimed at strengthening the laboratory detection of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) were developed. The courses were uploaded onto the website www.parn.org.pk. Participants had an option of selecting courses of their interest. Online registration and completion of a pre-course assessment (pre-test) were essential for enrolment. However, participation in post-course assessment (post-test) was optional. The number of registered participants and the proportion of participants who completed each course were computed. A paired t-test was used to assess the increase between mean pre- and post-test scores. The association between the participants working in public vs. private laboratories and course completion rates were determined using the chi-square test.ResultsA total of 227 participants from Pakistan (March 2018 to June 2020) were registered. The largest number of registered participants and the highest completion rate were noted for AST and biosafety courses, while quality-related courses attracted a lower interest. A comparison of pre- and post-test performance using the paired mean score for the individual courses showed a statistically significant (the value of p < 0.05) improvement in 13/20 assessed courses. A higher course completion rate was observed in participants from public vs. private sector laboratories (56.8 vs. 30.8%, the value of p = 0.005).ConclusionsOur study suggests a promising potential for open online courses (OOCs) toward addressing knowledge gaps in laboratory practice in resource limited settings.
Highlights
Quality-assured antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) depends upon the knowledge and skills of laboratory staff
Our study suggests a promising potential for open online courses (OOCs) toward addressing knowledge gaps in laboratory practice in resource limited settings
Based on our experience of working in the country and on the needs identified during our earlier study, courses were developed in areas deemed to be critical for strengthening the laboratory-based detection of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the country and included; Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST), Biosafety in Clinical Laboratory, Interpreting CLSI Guidelines, Storage of Reference Strains, Laboratory Quality Management System, Antibiogram, Specimen Collection and Transport, and Non-culture-based techniques
Summary
Quality-assured antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) depends upon the knowledge and skills of laboratory staff. The objective of this study was to use openaccess online courses to improve the knowledge of laboratory staff involved in the detection and reporting of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as an influencing factor that has affected society and healthcare and threatens the achievement of health-related goals [1]. Over-the-counter purchase without prescription encourages self-medication practices; aggressive antimicrobial use in agriculture, including farming, animal feeds, and fisheries, further compounds the situation. Another important contributing factor is the scarcity of trained and knowledgeable technical staff and limited laboratories with the capacity to detect and confirm quality-assured antibiotic resistance [4, 5].
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