Abstract
A major problem with periodic boundary condition on the gauge fields used in current lattice gauge theory simulations is the trapping of topological charge in a particular sector as the continuum limit is approached. To overcome this problem open boundary condition in the temporal direction has been proposed recently. One may ask whether open boundary condition can reproduce the observables calculated with periodic boundary condition. In this work we find that the extracted lowest glueball mass using open and periodic boundary conditions at the same lattice volume and lattice spacing agree for the range of lattice scales explored in the range 3 GeV ≤ $ \frac{1}{a} $ ≤ 5 GeV. The problem of trapping is overcome to a large extent with open boundary and we are able to extract the glueball mass at even larger lattice scale ≈ 5.7 GeV. To smoothen the gauge fields we have used recently proposed Wilson flow which, compared to HYP smearing, exhibits better systematics in the extraction of glueball mass. The extracted glueball mass shows remarkable insensitivity to the lattice spacings in the range explored in this work, 3 GeV ≤ $ \frac{1}{a} $ ≤ 5.7 GeV.
Highlights
Simulation detailsUsing the openQCD program [29], SU(3) gauge configurations are generated with open boundary condition (denoted by O) at different lattice volumes and gauge couplings
A major problem with periodic boundary condition on the gauge fields used in current lattice gauge theory simulations is the trapping of topological charge in a particular sector as the continuum limit is approached
In this work we find that the extracted lowest glueball mass using open and periodic boundary conditions at the same lattice volume and lattice spacing agree for the range of lattice scales explored in the range
Summary
Using the openQCD program [29], SU(3) gauge configurations are generated with open boundary condition (denoted by O) at different lattice volumes and gauge couplings. We have generated gauge configurations (denoted by P ) for several of the same lattice parameters by implementing periodic boundary condition in temporal direction in the openQCD package. To extract the scalar glueball mass, in this initial study we use the correlator of E which is the average of the action density over spatial volume at a particular time slice given in ref. Correlator is measured over Ncnfg number of configurations. No significant difference has been found in our results using the w0 scale proposed in ref. No significant difference has been found in our results using the w0 scale proposed in ref. [34] as an alternative to the t0 scale
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