Open and Integrative Modelling in Energy System Transitions—Conceptual Discussion About Model Reusability, Framework Requirements and Features

Abstract

Computational modelling supports decision makers and stakeholders in understanding and governing socio-economic processes of energy system transitions (EST), and there exist numerous EST-specific models and frameworks with different disciplinary approaches. Many of these models are often not reused or extended for new research questions. In this article, we give reasons for reuse and integration of these models and approaches. Furthermore, we discuss which requirements and features support improved reusability, extension and integration of models and frameworks. We conceptualised essential requirements (e.g. modularity, coordination, consistency) and features of an open and integrative modelling framework (IMF). We could not identify an overarching integrative modelling framework (IMF) which met these requirements but we identified existing resources such as exemplary frameworks, concepts, protocols or standards for a potential IMF. Exemplary IMF features are coupling interfaces (CI), basic modelling interfaces (BMI), ontologies (e.g. OWL), formalisation (e.g. ODD, MoHub, UML, LP) and open-source licensing. Some promising paradigm-specific frameworks and scientific communities for a future IMF are identified.