Abstract
A method has been proposed for the fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals based on ordered opal matrices (OMs), with pores containing iron group metal (M = Ni, Co, Fe) nanoparticles. The core of the method is the reduction of salts and oxides of these metals with supercritical isopropanol. The phase composition of OM/M composites depends on the composition of the starting salts (nitrates or chlorides): the use of ferric chloride leads to the formation of nanoparticles of solid solutions based on nickel metal, α-cobalt, or β-cobalt (Ni-Fe and Co-Fe systems) in opal pores; with the corresponding nitrates, we obtain OM/NiCo (cubic solid solution), OM/Fe, OM/Ni3Fe, OM/NiFe, OM/CoFe, and OM/NiCoFe nanocomposites. We have measured broadband reflection spectra of the (111) surface of the photonic crystals using a fiber-optic technique for taking reflection spectra. The intensity peak in the reflection (band gap) spectrum of the OM/M (M = Fe, Co, Ni) nanocomposites is shown to be shifted to longer wavelengths.
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