OP0268 COMPARISON OF MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR AND THROMBOEMBOLIC EVENTS IN SAFETY REPORTS BETWEEN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS TREATED WITH JAK INHIBITORS VERSUS ANTI-TNF: RESULTS FROM VigiBase

Abstract

BackgroundRecently, awareness has raised regarding JAK inhibitor safety in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in particular with tofacitinib. Indeed, in a trial involving more than 4,000 patients (ORAL Surveillance), a numerically higher number of major cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients treated with tofacitinib compared to anti-TNF (1), and a higher risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in patients treated with tofacitinib 10mg twice a day compared to patients treated with tofacitinib 5mg twice a day or anti-TNF was observed. This increased risk of MACEs was also suspected in another study performed on American Health databases (2). Recently, the FDA extended warnings and use’s recommendations to other JAK-inhibitor drugs (3).ObjectivesTo corroborate these safety warnings, we compared the reporting MACEs and VTEs with JAK inhibitors versus anti-TNF alpha drugs from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Individual Case Safety Report (ICSR) database (VigiBase).MethodsWe selected reports in Vigibase of patients aged between 18 and 75 years, between 01/01/2011 and 12/31/2020, with JAK inhibitors (tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, filgotinib) or anti-TNF (etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, certolizumab pegol, golimumab) with a diagnosis of RA. In these reports we selected MACEs including myocardial infarction, strokes and cardiovascular deaths and VTE including deep venous thromboses (DVT) and pulmonary embolisms (PE). Characteristics of reports including age of patients, country of declaration, drug involved, co-reported drugs, and type of event were described. The reporting risk was investigated using disproportionality analyses and expressed as Reporting Odds Ratios (ROR) with 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI). A sensibility analysis was performed stratifying by age category (≥ 65 years, ≥ 50 years), and by sex.ResultsOf the 11,455,891 reports in patients aged between 18 and 75 years in the period of interest, 39,097 of reports were for a JAK-inhibitor in RA (mean age 60.6 years, SD:16.3) and 231,860 of reports were for an anti-TNF in RA (mean age: 57.2 years, SD: 13.0). Most of the reports came from USA and Canada (respectively 77.4% and 12.5% for JAK-inhibitor and 86.4% and 2,6% for anti-TNF). Among the reports, 611 (1.6%) in JAK-inhibitor treated patients and 3240 (1.4%) in anti-TNF treated patients were MACEs while 341 (0.9%) in JAK-inhibitors and 571 (0.2%) in anti-TNF treated patients were VTE. Disproportionality analyses identified an increased risk of reporting VTE events in JAK-inhibitors compared to anti-TNF (DVT: ROR = 3.99 [95%CI: 3.15-5.04], PE: ROR = 3.47 [2.90-4.13], Figure 1). This risk was not modified after stratification by age or sex. No increased ROR for MACE was found.Figure 1.ConclusionBased on real-world data, the analysis did not identify an increase of declaration of MACEs with JAK-inhibitor compared to anti-TNF whereas we could observe more than three times declarations of VTE in Vigibase with JAK-inhibitors compared to anti-TNF.