Abstract
The granulosa cells of antral follicles provide an oocyte maturation inhibitor that maintains oocyte meiotic arrest. Natriuretic peptide type C (NPPC) of mural granulosa cell origin acts on natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) of cumulus cells to produce cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP). Cyclic GMP diffuses into the oocyte from companion cumulus cells via gap junctions and inhibits oocyte phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) activity and cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) hydrolysis and maintains meiotic arrest. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) upregulates and luteinizing hormone (LH) downregulates the function of NPPC/NPR2 during oocyte growth and maturation, respectively.
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