Abstract

The goal of this paper is to investigate the on-orbit servicing (OOS) of geosynchronous satellites based on low-thrust transfers while considering the different demands of the satellites and the effects of perturbations. One or more servicing spacecraft start from a parking orbit and service the satellites in sequence via low-thrust orbit transfers, and return to the parking orbit in the end. The different demands lead to different service requirements of time and mass, while the perturbations affect the control solution of servicing spacecraft during each transfer, and induce orbit drifts of uncontrolled target satellites during the mission. An analytical method that can efficiently calculate the fuel consumption of low-thrust transfer is proposed, and methods for evaluating the orbit drifts of uncontrolled satellites are presented. The impact of perturbations on OOS mission is investigated in detail, showing that non-negligible factors include lunisolar attraction and tessral harmonic. Based on the dynamic models, a string-based simulated annealing algorithm is adopted to schedule the OOS mission. The efficiency of the proposed dynamic models and optimization method are verified through ample simulations. Results show that it is much more efficient and reasonable to take orbit drift calculations as corrections on the scheduling result assuming no orbit drifts. The proposed models and methods make it possible to schedule the OOS mission with low-thrust transfers, while achieving high accuracy under the effects of J2 perturbation, lunisolar attracion, tesseral harmonic and solar radiation pressure.

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