Abstract
IntroductionThe single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6822844 within the KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 gene cluster has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Other variants within this cluster, including rs17388568 that is not in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs6822844, and rs907715 that is in moderate LD with rs6822844 and rs17388568, have been associated with a number of autoimmune phenotypes, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here we aimed to: one, confirm at a genome-wide level of significance association of rs6822844 with RA and, two, evaluate whether or not there were effects independent of rs6822844 on RA at the KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 locus.MethodsA total of 842 Australasian RA patients and 1,115 controls of European Caucasian ancestry were genotyped for rs6822844, rs17388568 and rs907715. Meta-analysis of these data with published and publicly-available data was conducted using STATA.ResultsNo statistically significant evidence for association was observed in the Australasian sample set for rs6822844 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.95 (0.80 to 1.12), P = 0.54), or rs17388568 (OR = 1.03 (0.90 to 1.19), P = 0.65) or rs907715 (OR = 0.98 (0.86 to 1.12), P = 0.69). When combined in a meta-analysis using data from a total of 9,772 cases and 10,909 controls there was a genome-wide level of significance supporting association of rs6822844 with RA (OR = 0.86 (0.82 to 0.91), P = 8.8 × 10-8, P = 2.1 × 10-8 including North American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium data). Meta-analysis of rs17388568, using a total of 6,585 cases and 7,528 controls, revealed no significant association with RA (OR = 1.03, (0.98 to 1.09); P = 0.22) and meta-analysis of rs907715 using a total of 2,689 cases and 4,045 controls revealed a trend towards association (OR = 0.93 (0.87 to 1.00), P = 0.07). However, this trend was not independent of the association at rs6822844.ConclusionsThe KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 gene cluster, that encodes an interleukin (IL-21) that plays an important role in Th17 cell biology, is the 20th locus for which there is a genome-wide (P ≤ 5 ×10-8) level of support for association with RA. As for most other autoimmune diseases, with the notable exception of T1D, rs6822844 is the dominant association in the locus. The KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 locus also confers susceptibility to other autoimmune phenotypes with a heterogeneous pattern of association.
Highlights
The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6822844 within the KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 gene cluster has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
The latter SNP was chosen because it had been associated with risk of the systemic autoimmunity systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a single study [17] (OR = 0.78, P = 0.002), was in weak linkage disequilibrium (LD) with both rs6822844 and rs17388568 and we hypothesized that it could represent a possible third effect within the KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 cluster, perhaps specific to systemic autoimmunity
The imputed genotype data from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) RA case-control sample revealed no significant association between rs6822844 and RA (Table 2; odds ratio (OR) = 0.91 (0.82 to 1.02); P = 0.10)
Summary
The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6822844 within the KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 gene cluster has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Other variants within this cluster, including rs17388568 that is not in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs6822844, and rs907715 that is in moderate LD with rs6822844 and rs17388568, have been associated with a number of autoimmune phenotypes, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). We aimed to: one, confirm at a genome-wide level of significance association of rs6822844 with RA and, two, evaluate whether or not there were effects independent of rs6822844 on RA at the KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 locus. We aimed to consolidate all available data on two SNPs independently associated with autoimmunity within the KIAA1109-TENRIL2-IL21 gene cluster: rs6822844 (minor allele protective) and rs17388568 (minor allele susceptible), each into a single meta-analysis of association with RA that included previously published data, new genotype data from Australasia, and publicly-available data from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) [22]
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