Abstract
Real-time power management in the presence of one or more reversible energy storage systems is a current issue with hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). To evaluate the potentials of rule-based power management, optimization with respect to two conflicting objectives, fuel consumption and state of charge (SoC) deviation, is considered in this contribution. A modular structure of power management with decoupled offline and online parts is presented. The online part incorporates look-up tables (LUTs) with parameters from the offline optimization part. This permits an inclusion of more LUTs corresponding to different drive patterns. The goal of this contribution is to combine the real-time applicability of rule-based power management and the multi-objective optimization property of genetic algorithms in a single control strategy. Component aging problems are addressed by suitable design. The influence of sizing is investigated. Finally, an experimental setup consisting of components capable of realizing the dynamics of real powertrain components is realized and introduced. A verification/plausibility assessment of modeled dynamics based on the literature is considered. This newly-introduced concept represents a class of power management, which is easy to implement, can tackle different objectives in real time, and adapt itself to unknown driver demands.
Highlights
Due to the growing concerns of the fuel crisis and increasing environmental degradation, hybrid vehicles are being intensively researched.All-electric powertrains with a fuel cell-battery-supercapacitor combination have been considered in [1,2,3,4,5]
The paper is organized as follows: the topologies with hybrid storage systems (HESS) are briefly introduced followed by the configuration chosen for this contribution; the modeling and sizing of powertrain components is detailed followed by a verification of their dynamics based on the literature; the concept of emulation is described followed by a possibility to realize powertrain dynamics with controllable sources and sinks; the developed power management optimization concept is explained in detail
This corresponds to the first case in the mode selection block, and the corresponding value one is sent to the look-up table (LUT) block
Summary
Due to the growing concerns of the fuel crisis and increasing environmental degradation, hybrid vehicles are being intensively researched. The advantages of rule-based strategies, namely relatively simpler structure and low computational effort required, can be utilized along with the multi-objective optimization property of offline algorithms They can be combined with prediction and real-time control strategies to provide solutions where no pre-defined drive cycle is given. The paper is organized as follows: the topologies with HESS are briefly introduced followed by the configuration chosen for this contribution; the modeling and sizing of powertrain components is detailed followed by a verification of their dynamics based on the literature; the concept of emulation is described followed by a possibility to realize powertrain dynamics with controllable sources and sinks; the developed power management optimization concept is explained in detail. The simulation and emulation results are presented followed by a summary and conclusions
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