Abstract
The enormous growth of social media provides a platform for displaying harmful, offensive online behaviour, which keeps increasing with time. The popularity of smartphones and the anonymity of the internet have made online offensive behaviour very common. Therefore, research on social media offensive behaviour has increased in recent years. In this paper, we have endeavoured to depict the variety of abusive behaviour one can encounter online and the significance of detecting them by classifying them into four categories: Content-Based, Sentiment and Emotion Based, User or Profile Based, and Network or Graph-Based approach. We review the state-of-the-art methods to detect bullies and abusive content on social media and discuss the factors that drive offenders to indulge in offensive activity, preventive actions to avoid online toxicity, and various cyber laws in different countries. Finally, we identify and discuss the future research directions that serve as a reference to overcome offensive content in social media.
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