Abstract

The lithium-ion battery is a viable power source for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and, more recently, electric vehicles (EVs). Its performance, especially in terms of state of charge (SOC), plays a significant role in the energy management of these vehicles. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is widely used to estimate online SOC as an efficient estimation algorithm. However, conventional EKF algorithms cannot accurately estimate the difference between individual batteries, which should not be ignored. However, the internal resistance of a battery can represent this difference. Therefore, this work proposes using an EKF with internal resistance measurement based on the conventional algorithm. Lithium-ion battery real-time resistances can help the Kalman filter overcome defects from simplistic battery models. In addition, experimental results show that it is useful to introduce online internal resistance to the estimation of SOC.

Highlights

  • Efficient energy management is crucial for the performance [1], in terms of power consumption and security, of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs)

  • The second method is the open-circuit voltage (OCV) method, which measures the voltage of a lithium-ion battery after a long rest time [9,10], which is not suitable for HEVs or EVs

  • We present an effort to use the online measurement of internal resistance to effect of internal resistance on state of charge (SOC) evaluation

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Summary

Introduction

Efficient energy management is crucial for the performance [1], in terms of power consumption and security, of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs). The second method is the open-circuit voltage (OCV) method, which measures the voltage of a lithium-ion battery after a long rest time [9,10], which is not suitable for HEVs or EVs. In order to overcome the defects of these methods, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been proposed as an optimum adaptive algorithm for SOC. This work is useful for the internal resistance of a lithium-ion battery is measured by a device that can generate a controllable studying the effect of internal resistance on SOC evaluation. The improvement to the SOC generate of a controllable directtocurrent short-pulse This real-time evaluation error that comes using online internal resistance is demonstrated by comparing internal resistance is usedfrom as parameter of EKF algorithms to estimate the battery SOC. Demonstrated by comparing this with the simple EKF operation error

Equivalent Circuit Model
Online Internal Resistance Measurement
Internal
V ULofwas defined as battery
Simulation and Experimental Results
Findings
Conclusions

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