Abstract
Previous literature indicates that online learning has three issues and challenges - technological, pedagogical, and affective. Those issues and challenges are reflected in the following aspects: learning engagement, learning diversity, learning resources, learning assessment/feedback and learning environment. Among these, learning engagement is the most historical and central issue for online learning. This paper will share the vision for online learning trends beyond the Pandemic in Higher Education from an instructional design perspective by reviewing its potential issues and challenges. However, this study is more focused on discussing pedagogical and affective issues and challenges and how technological advancement potentially transforms students’ learning experience pedagogically and effectively.
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