Abstract
Abstract Background Parents commonly use the internet to search for information about their child’s health-related symptoms and guide parental health-related decisions. Despite the importance of parental search behaviors, this area of research remains understudied and no comprehensive review of this research area has been conducted. Our aim is to summarize the existing findings on searched topics and search experience of online health information seeking among parents for their children with focus on building an agenda for further research and recommendations for public health. Methods We conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review of parental online health information seeking studies in the databases of PsycInfo, JMIR and PubMED. Studies from 1994 to June 2018 were considered. Results A total of 33 studies met the eligibility criteria, including 8665 parents. Findings suggest that parents worldwide are heavy online users of health-related information for their children across highly diverse circumstances. Parents report wishing for more guidance especially from their pediatrician on how to find online health information; however, studies found parents rarely report discussing online health information with their healthcare providers. Only five studies investigated health anxiety related to online health information and prevalences ranged from 14% and 52%, three examined theoretical models, and only three examined consequences of search behaviors more in-depth. Conclusions Results of this systematic review identify important gaps in theoretical models, risk factors to predict search behaviors, and health outcomes associated with parental search behaviors. An agenda for future research will be presented. Key messages Parents are heavy users of the health-related web, but more research is needed to support them in effective use. Tailored digital public health approaches could empower parents to make better use of online resources and improve health-related decision making.
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