Abstract
There is a lack of clinical evidence on mandibular overdentures (MOD) supported by a single implant.Objective:To compare patient satisfaction and masticatory performance in MOD supported by one versus two implants in a two-group parallel randomized clinical trial.Material and Methods:Twenty-one patients wearing new maxillary and mandibular complete dentures (CDs) were randomly divided to receive one (GI, n = 11) or two (GII, n = 10) implants in the mandibular arch. Four months after implant placement, o-ring abutments were installed in the implants, and matrix attachments were placed in the lower complete dentures. Patient satisfaction with their dentures and masticatory performance were compared at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure. Data on patient satisfaction were analyzed using the Friedman test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Data on masticatory performance were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student's t test (α=0.05).Results:Both groups exhibited a significant increase in overall patient satisfaction in all periods evaluated (p<0.05), except for GI after 12 months, which had values similar to baseline (p=0.74). Satisfaction levels of GI and GII were similar at baseline, 3 and 6 months, but GII showed higher satisfaction levels (p=0.01) than GI at 12 months. GI and GII exhibited a significant increase (p<0.05) in masticatory performance for all periods relative to baseline. However, GII had higher masticatory performance with dentures than GI, regardless of the period (p<0.05).Conclusion:MOD supported by two implants demonstrated better patient satisfaction in the follow-up at 12 months and better masticatory performance than MOD supported by one implant.
Highlights
The lack of retention and stability of mandibular complete dentures (CDs) often result in several problems for edentulous patients, as mastication issues, decreased quality of life and self-confidence, reduced satisfaction, and more limited social contact1
Recent prospective studies have suggested the use of a single implant to support a mandibular overdentures (MOD) . 5,6,8-14 This modality is originally recommended for older edentulous patients whom experience discomfort and functional difficulties with their conventional mandibular dentures10
Individuals who had been referred to the graduate clinic were assessed for eligibility according to the following inclusion criteria: complete edentulism in maxillary and mandibular arches for at least one year; desire to receive new CDs and to replace mandibular CDs with an overdenture; minimum bone height of 15 mm in the mandibular edentulous ridge examined on panoramic radiographs; normal resilience of residual mucosa, assessed by a clinician; and good overall health
Summary
The lack of retention and stability of mandibular complete dentures (CDs) often result in several problems for edentulous patients, as mastication issues, decreased quality of life and self-confidence, reduced satisfaction, and more limited social contact. It is known that mandibular overdentures (MOD) supported by two implants exhibit good long-term results and are commonly proposed for treatment of edentulous mandibles. One implant is inserted in the midline symphysis region of the mandible after adequate presurgical diagnoses and is used for anchorage of the mandibular overdenture. One implant is inserted in the midline symphysis region of the mandible after adequate presurgical diagnoses and is used for anchorage of the mandibular overdenture12 This less invasive and less costly intervention could allow more people to benefit from this treatment, even with general health concerns
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