One-year outcome of combination therapy with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and photodynamic therapy in patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy.

Abstract

To identify the functional outcome and evaluate the morphologic changes of patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) undergoing intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) at the 1-year follow-up. We retrospectively studied all the treatment-naïve PNV patients who were scheduled to undergo combination therapy between September 2017 and November 2018. All the patients received three consecutive monthly injections of 0.5mg/0.05mL ranibizumab as loading doses. Full-dose PDT was performed within 1week of the first injection. Retreatment was allowed if evidence of clinical deterioration or the presence of fluid on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography examination performed at the 1-month follow-up was noted. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was compared before treatment and at 3, 6, and 12months after the initial treatment. Changes in the central foveal thickness (CFT), central choroidal thickness (CCT), and retreatment rate during the maintenance phase were also evaluated. Eleven eyes were enrolled in this study. Significantly, better BCVA was observed at 12months than at baseline (P = 0.010). The mean CFT significantly decreased from 331 ± 93 to 237 ± 72μm at 12months (P < 0.001). The mean CCT also significantly decreased from 361 ± 74 to 310 ± 83μm at 12months (P < 0.001). The mean number of injections per eye was 3.9 ± 1.3 during the follow-up period. A total of 45.5% (5 /11) of the patients required retreatment during the maintenance phase. Anti-VEGF combined with full-dose PDT was well tolerated and appeared to be effective treatment for patients with treatment-naïve PNV. Combination therapy might also reduce the treatment burden with fewer injections in patients with PNV.