One-step fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified magnetic graphene oxide nanohybrids for adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II) and methylene blue in aqueous solutions

Abstract

In this study, using graphene oxide (GO) as carrier, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O) and ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) as iron sources, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as precipitant, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as a modifier, β-cyclodextrin modified magnetic graphene oxide (β-CD/MGO) nanohybrids were fabricated by a simple one-step reverse phase co-precipitation method. The as-prepared β-CD/MGO nanohybrids were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Zeta potential analysis. Simultaneously, the adsorption properties of the β-CD/MGO nanohybrids for Pb(II), Cu(II) heavy metal ions and methylene blue (MB) in single aqueous solution were explored by batch experiments. The results revealed that the β-CD/MGO nanohybrids with high superparamagnetism were successfully fabricated, the maximum adsorption capacities of β-CD/MGO nanohybrids for Pb(II), Cu(II) and MB were 279.21, 51.29 and 93.97 mg·g−1 at 298 K, respectively. The adsorption process could be better fitted by pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model.