Abstract
A sustainable one-pot scheme for the synthesis of hierarchical porous carbons formed from biomass is developed herein. It is based on the carbonization of biomass-derived products (glucose, glucosamine, soya flour, and microalgae) in the presence of an activating agent (potassium oxalate) and calcium carbonate nanoparticles that form a hard template. During carbonization, double carbonates are formed in situ, which results in modifications in the morphology and size of the template nanoparticles, giving rise to a carbon material with an open macroporous foam-like structure rich in micro-/mesopores, the latter developing via a redox reaction between the carbon and potassium carbonate and also as a result of the reaction between the carbon and the evolved CO2. The porosity can be tailored by selecting an appropriate precursor. Thus, the carbon materials are basically micro-/macroporous in the case of glucose and glucosamine, and micro-/meso-/macroporous when soya flour and microalgae are used. A direct rela...
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