Abstract
This review presents one dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanostructured photoanodes for next generation solar cells such as dye-sensitised solar cells (DSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Due to the unique morphological properties, 1D TiO2 nanostructures can act as express electron channels as well as light scattering layer, leading to improved charge transport properties, such as charge separation, electron injection, and electron lifetime, and light harvesting efficiency. As 1D TiO2 nanostructures are applied to solar cells, 1D TiO2 nanostructures should be further modified to overcome some drawbacks. In this review, we have described some solutions by introducing various 1D TiO2 synthetic methods and device fabrication processes for solar cell applications, where we have described some important surface engineering and hierarchical device design strategies that facilitate charge transport and light utilisation in 1D TiO2 nanostructured photoanode system.
Highlights
To address the global concerns about the energy crisis and environmental issues, one of the most promising solutions is the utilisation of solar energy
In light absorber-sensitised solar cell systems such as dye-sensitised solar cells (DSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the photovoltaic performance is driven by the charge transport properties and light harvesting efficiency, and performance is driven by the charge transport properties and light harvesting efficiency, and strategic approaches to enhance electron transport and lifetime and light scattering should be strategic approaches to enhance electron transport and lifetime and light scattering should considered
The photovoltaic performance of solar cells is driven by the charge transport properties and light harvesting efficiency, which can be improved by optimising the photoanode materials and device architecture
Summary
Optimising TiO2 layers as a photoanode material in DSCs and PSCs has been extensively studied to achieve high efficiency solar cells, and therein controlling crystallinity, thickness, and morphology of TiO2 layers has been mainly considered [6,12]. Like 1D TiO2 nanostructures, 1D ZnO nanostructures provide good charge transport properties with high crystallinity under low temperature processes, but their intrinsic photocorrosion properties are a critical drawback in terms of stability when applied to solar cell applications [15]. As 1D TiO2 nanostructured materials are applied as the photoanode of solar cell applications, the strategical design of 1D TiO2 photoanodes will be investigated by considering various device structures and fabrication processes.
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