Abstract
Our study describes the interaction of Rydberg atoms with short half‐cycle pulses, using impulse approximation and modeling of one‐dimensional atoms. One‐dimensional Rydberg atoms are in extremely elongated states of high principal quantum number. Half‐cycle pulses are unipolar, high‐power electromagnetic pulses. In our research, their duration is much shorter than the classical electron orbit period. A single electric field pulse simply delivers an impulsive momentum transfer or “kick” to the excited electron. Atomic transition matrix elements are found and discussed in the frame of quantum and semiclassical theories, and various approximations are used. The dynamic of THz Rydberg wave packets is investigated. Transition probabilities, calculated from derived simple analytical expressions in the case of two time‐delayed weak pulses, agree well with the experimental data and calculations of other authors. Analytical expressions for the revival and fractional revival phenomena of the autocorrelation function for Gaussian and Lorentzian distribution, as well as the ionization probabilities of Rydberg atom interaction with two half‐cycle pulses, are analyzed.
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