One Year Study of Clinicopathological Pattern of Gynaecological Malignancies in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

AIM: To study the clinicopathological pattern of gynaecological neoplasm with emphasis on their age, incidence, clinical features, type of malignancy, tumour stage at presentation and histological type. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This is a hospital based prospective study conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka from July 2004 to June 2005. During this period 100 cases of female genital tract malignancies were studied. After taking detailed history, physical examination and investigations, necessory surgical procedures were done. Tumours were staged clinically and typed histopathologically. RESULTS: Out of 100 cases of gynaecological malignancies, 82% were cervical cancers, 14% ovarian, 2% vulval and 1% each of endometrium and vaginal cancers. Gynaecological cancers were most common in age group between 40 & 60 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was commonest histological type in cervical vaginal & vulval cancers. Whereas serous adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma were commonest histological type in ovary & endometrium. Most of the cases were diagnosed in very advanced stage causing increase in morbidity&mortality. CONCLUSION: Cervical cancer is the most frequent gynaecological malignancy. Most of the cases were in advanced stage of the disease. Since it is a preventable disease national screening and awareness programmes are necessary to reduce the burden of cancer and improve the health of women.