Abstract
Terahertz one-way edge modes in truncated photonic crystals (PhCs) are investigated theoretically. The PhC consists of a square array of air columns in a semiconductor. By applying an external dc magnetic field in the PhC, a band gap is generated by lifting the degeneracy point of the lowest two bands. Based on this band gap, the edge mode always exists in the truncated PhC for any boundary cutting, and it may propagate unidirectionally or bidirectionally, closely depending on the PhC boundary shape. It is shown that for the one-way edge mode, the PhC boundary cutting has a remarkable influence on the propagation length when the semiconductor loss is taken into account. A boundary structure is introduced into the PhC system for weakening the loss effect, and the propagation length of the one-way edge mode can be increased nearly by twice by optimizing the boundary parameters.
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