Abstract
Tin dioxide (SnO2)-based materials, as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), have been attracting growing research attention due to the high theoretical specific capacity. However, the complex synthesis process of chemical methods and the pollution of chemical reagents limit its commercialization. The new material synthesis method is of great significance for expanding the application of SnO2-based materials. In this study, the SnO2/carbon nanotube nanonests (SnO2/CNT NNs) composites are synthesized in one step by direct current (DC) arc-discharge plasma; compared with conventional methods, the plasma synthesis achieves a uniform load of SnO2 nanoparticles on the surfaces of CNTs while constructing the CNTs conductive network. The SnO2/CNT NNs composites are applied in LIBs, it can be found that the nanonest-like CNT conductive structure provides adequate room for the volume expansion and also helps to transfer the electrons. Electrochemical measurements suggests that the SnO2/CNT NNscomposites achieve high capacity, and still have high electrochemical stability and coulombic efficiency under high current density, which proves the reliability of the synthesis method. This method is expected to be industrialized and also provides new ideas for the preparation of other nanocomposites.
Highlights
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), as the growing popular power sources, have attracted considerable attention in portable electronic devices and are attractive to power electric vehicles [1,2,3,4,5].developing new electrode materials and optimizing the preparation process are still hot issues in current research
Among the above alternative anode materials, in the past few years, SnO2 -based materials have attracted growing research attention due to their suitable charge/discharge voltage range, high theoretical specific capacity (~782 mAh g−1 ), low toxicity and cost [19], various structures and preparation processes have been explored to remove the biggest bottlenecks that great volume change (>200%) upon the large amount of lithium insertion/extraction into/from SnO2 and prevent the pulverization of SnO2 [20,21]
DCpaper, arc-discharge plasma;synthesized in this process, the2/CNT
Summary
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), as the growing popular power sources, have attracted considerable attention in portable electronic devices and are attractive to power electric vehicles [1,2,3,4,5].developing new electrode materials and optimizing the preparation process are still hot issues in current research. Among the above alternative anode materials, in the past few years, SnO2 -based materials have attracted growing research attention due to their suitable charge/discharge voltage range, high theoretical specific capacity (~782 mAh g−1 ), low toxicity and cost [19], various structures and preparation processes have been explored to remove the biggest bottlenecks that great volume change (>200%) upon the large amount of lithium insertion/extraction into/from SnO2 and prevent the pulverization of SnO2 [20,21]. Wang et al [20] prepared carbon-coated SnO2 /C nanocomposites by a two-step hydrothermal route, which exhibited a markedly improved cycling performance
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