Abstract
This work proposed a one-step method to fabricate the two-dimensional (2D) heterostructural C3N4-tin oxide (SnO2) nanocomposites with excellent acetone vapor sensing performance. A facile calcination treatment of melamine and SnCl2·2H2O without further processing can obtain the expected C3N4-SnO2 sensor. Specially, the SnO2 nanoparticles directly anchor onto C3N4 layer to construct a heterostructure, giving enhanced sensing properties. Compared with pure SnO2 the heterostructural C3N4-SnO2 Exhibits 22 times enhancement of sensing sensitivity as well as fast response/recovery (7s/8s). The limit of detection (LOD) of acetone can be as low as 67ppb, which is far below the concentration in exhaled breath of a diabetic and predicts a possible for diagnosis of diabetes. Such enhancement can be interpreted as the transformation of electrons from SnO2 to C3N4 layer to form an asymmetric electronic structure in the electron depletion layer of SnO2, for which few electrons can change its resistance significantly. Moreover, the large surface area of C3N4 layer provide vast adsorption sites for target gases. Importantly, SnO2 and C3N4 are low-cost, easy fabrication and eco-friendly materials, and the synthesis strategy presented here is simple, repeatable and operable, thus can be extended to build other-type metal oxides-based nanocomposites for various applications.
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