One-step preparation of titanium sharkskin bionic antibacterial surface

Abstract

In recently, titanium and its alloys have been used in a large number of medical implants due to their excellent biological qualities. However, infections brought on by their biological inertness have emerged as a challenging issue for clinicians across a range of specialties. On the other hand, improper use of antibiotics has increased bacterial resistance, which has made the issue of infections brought on by titanium implants worse. The preparation of implants with antimicrobial capabilities has emerged as a key research area in the effort to address this issue at its source. However, present techniques for preparing antimicrobial surfaces are pricy, ineffective, and harmful to the environment, thus cannot be used extensively in industrial manufacturing. In this study, the bionic shark skin's antibacterial rhombic surface was prepared in a single step using the WEDM processing. The samples were then described, and the outcomes were examined using XRD, FE-SEM, and EDS. By using the plate coating method and SBF immersion assays, the samples' bioactivity and antibacterial capacity were assessed. Due to the high temperature produced during the WEDM process, which enables the tool electrode to melt and metallurgically link with the titanium alloy substrate surface, the primary crystalline phase of the antibacterial surface is CuTi2. After 1 h of incubation on the sample surface, the samples' antibacterial rate was 93%. The antibacterial property of the sample also attained an ideal 98.4% when acid etching was carried out using a 20%wt HNO3 solution. The Ti on the sample surface had no discernible impact on the effectiveness of the antibacterial. Additionally, the simulated liquid immersion findings demonstrated that the sample pieces made using this approach exhibited good bioactivity.