Abstract
The Fe–FeO–graphene nanocomposite material was produced successfully by pulsed wire discharge in graphene oxide (GO) suspension. Pure iron wires with a diameter of 0.25 mm and a length of 100 mm were used in the experiments. The discharge current and voltage were recorded to analyze the process of the pulsed wire discharge. The as-prepared samples—under different charging voltages—were recovered and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Curved and loose graphene films that were anchored with spherical Fe and FeO nanoparticles were obtained at the charging voltage of 8–10 kV. The present study discusses the mechanism by which the Fe–FeO–graphene nanocomposite material was formed during the pulsed wire discharge process.
Highlights
Graphene—a two-dimensional structure of carbon atoms in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice—was obtained in 2004 by Novoselov et al [1] through exfoliating the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite with a tape, revealing the strong ambipolar electric field effect of graphene
The experimental conditions of pulsed iron wire discharge are listed in Table 1, including the charging voltage and the energy stored in the capacitor
Results of the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examinations are in good agreement with those of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis
Summary
Graphene—a two-dimensional structure of carbon atoms in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice—was obtained in 2004 by Novoselov et al [1] through exfoliating the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite with a tape, revealing the strong ambipolar electric field effect of graphene. Thereafter, various graphene-based composite materials have been produced, i.e., graphene–polymer composite materials [3,4] and metal or metal oxide–graphene composite materials (i.e., nano Ni–graphene composite materials and nano SnO2 –graphene composite material) [5,6] Due to their excellent properties, graphene-based composite materials have been successfully utilized in electronic and optoelectronic devices, chemical sensors, and energy storage [7]. Nanoscale iron and iron oxide materials have demonstrated various excellent properties, including large specific surface area, high reactivity, and strong reducibility. They have been extensively applied for pollutants degradation, i.e., chlorohydrocarbon, nitrobenzenes, chlorinated phenols, poly-chlorinated biphenyls, heavy metals, and various anions from water [8,9,10]. Composite materials have demonstrated excellent properties in high energy storage
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