Abstract
A novel method for immobilization of tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy) 3Cl 2) on electrode surfaces based on the vapor-surface sol–gel deposition strategy is first demonstrated in this paper. Ru(bpy) 3Cl 2 immobilized sol–gel (Ru(bpy) 3Cl 2/sol–gel) films were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy and field-emitted scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). These results showed that Ru(bpy) 3Cl 2 was successfully incorporated into the silica sol–gel film. It was found that many irregular Ru(bpy) 3Cl 2/sol–gel clusters were formed on surfaces through one deposition and thick sol–gel films were observed after further deposition. Electrochemical properties and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behaviors of Ru(bpy) 3Cl 2/sol–gel films could be easily adjusted by deposition numbers and time. At last, the Ru(bpy) 3Cl 2/sol–gel film modified electrode was used for solid-state ECL detection of tripropylamine. The linear range was from 5.8 × 10 −8 to 2.4 × 10 −4 M with the detection limit of 5 nM, which was three orders of magnitude lower than that from pure Nafion-modified electrodes. The ECL sensor also exhibited high stability, and still remained 92% response after being stored in air for 35 days. This method for immobilization of Ru(bpy) 3Cl 2 is simple, convenient and low-cost relative to others, so it shows promising applications in solid-state ECL detection.
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