One stage implant placement procedure: The pros and cons, a case report with literature review

Abstract

Dental implantology has been considered as one of the most accepted treatment modalities for the rehabilitation of missing teeth. The deficiency of the remaining supporting bone volume, though, is considered to be the primary concern in certain situations for avoiding implant placements. The solution to this problem lies in re-establishing the ridge volume consistent with the prosthetic design and with the suitable load-bearing lamellar bone for the long-term stability of the implant. Bone grafting techniques are widely used in the restoration of bone defects prior to the placement of dental implants. Atrophy of the bone is caused by numerous reasons including trauma, malignant diseases, oral infections, congenital absence of teeth or, the tri-dimensional alveolar ridge resorption process subsequent to routine dental extractions and many more in the list. The rehabilitation of large bone defects can be achieved with various types of grafting materials, natural or, synthetic. The use of autologous grafts exhibit the highest success rates amongst these and autogenous bone grafts are considered the gold standard because their osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties maximize the success of graft incorporation. The present case report describes the case of a 35-year-old female patient who reported seeking treatment for her missing front tooth, a right maxillary central incisor, which she had lost as a result of trauma at the age of 30 years. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed a severe vertical labial bone defect requiring vertical and horizontal bone augmentation. The amount of bone available was inadequate for an implant-supported prosthesis. Hence, vertical and horizontal bone augmentation with guided bone regeneration was planned in the region with simultaneous placement of the endosseous implant. The present case report, thus, demonstrates the successful use of vertical and horizontal bone augmentation procedure conducted with the help of Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) and simultaneous endosseous implant placement.