Abstract
An efficient and versatile method was developed for the access of multisubstituted 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives through a one-pot, three-component protocol from heterocyclic ketene animals, malononitrile dimer, and aryl aldehydes in high yields. The 1,8-naphthyridines were formed via Knoevenagel condensation, aza–ene reaction, imine–enamine tautomerization, and intramolecular cyclization.
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