Abstract
A one-pot, catalyst-free route to spiro[dihydroquinoline-naphthofuranone] compounds from isatins through ring-opening and cyclization processes in water is disclosed. Hydrogen-bonding effects of water proved to be the key factor to accelerate the transformation. In addition, the chemistry provides several advantages including that it is free of organic solvents, a simple operation, and a gram-scale synthesis and uses inexpensive reagents and a recyclable reaction medium.
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