Abstract
Catalytic conversion of waste biomass to furfural (FF) is an important valorization of lignocellulose. Heteropolyacid catalysts were designed for efficient aqueous-phase dehydration of saccharides by supporting phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40, abbreviated as PW12) on H-ZSM-5 zeolite at different loadings (xPW12/ZSM-5, x = 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%). The PW12/ZSM-5 was used in the one-pot conversion of biomass (xylose, xylan, and corn stover) to FF in LiBr aqueous solution. The low PW12 loading catalyst (10%PW12/ZSM-5) could efficiently convert biomass to FF with the yields of 73.3% (xylose) and 75.1% (xylan) at moderate temperature (130 °C), respectively. The PW12 loading and acid sites distribution were crucial to the catalytic performance. Moreover, LiBr enhanced the yield of FF because of its Lewis acidity. The PW12/ZSM-5 based solid polyacid was a promising catalyst for the efficient FF production from biomass with high yield and easy separation.
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