Abstract
The fractional quantum Hall effect is a consequence of strong correlations among interacting electrons in two dimensions in high magnetic fields. Because of the Landau level degeneracy in these systems, expectations based on the properties of non-interacting electrons can fail completely and many novel electron-electron interaction effects occur. Recently, qualitatively new behavior has been uncovered in the properties of single-layer quantum Hall systems with Landau level filling factor equal to one half ( v = 1 2 and in the properties of double-layer systems with v = 1 2 per layer. The single-layer v = 1 2 system appears to have some properties similar to those of two-dimensional fermion systems at zero magnetic field. The double-layer v = 1 2 system has a spontaneoulsy broken symmetry analogous to that of quantum easy-plane ferromagnets and in a parallel magnetic field a commensurate-incommensurate phase transition occurs.
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