Oncogenic Potential and Clinical Implications of Giant Endometrial Polyps: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Brittany Van Staalduinen,Nisha A Lakhi,Rita Shats,Catherine Abied,Andrew Stahler

doi:10.1155/2018/8753463

Abstract

Endometrial polyps exceeding 4 centimeters in length are exceedingly rare and are termed “giant polyps.” We describe two patients that presented to our hospital with giant endometrial polyps. Clinical implications and oncologic potential of giant endometrial polyps are discussed. Risk factors of oncologic transformation include advanced age, menopausal status, obesity, diabetes, arterial hypertension, use of tamoxifen, and size greater than 1.0 centimeter. A literature review of all documented cases of giant endometrial polyps is presented and management strategies for counseling and polypectomy are reviewed.

Highlights

Endometrial polyps are localized overgrowths of the endometrial lining of the uterus
Evidence in the literature defining factors linked to malignant transformation is contradictory, advanced age, menopausal status, obesity, diabetes, arterial hypertension, and use of tamoxifen have reached statistical significance in varying reports [3,4,5]
Lasmar [6] found that endometrial polyps larger than 1.5 cm were associated with hyperplasia, while a separate report by Wang et al [3] identified that polyps measuring more than 1.0 cm were associated with malignancy

Summary

Introduction

Endometrial polyps are localized overgrowths of the endometrial lining of the uterus They are composed of varying amounts of glandular tissue, stroma, and blood vessels covered by an epithelium. Their size can range from a few millimeters to beyond 5 centimeters in length. Evidence in the literature defining factors linked to malignant transformation is contradictory, advanced age, menopausal status, obesity, diabetes, arterial hypertension, and use of tamoxifen have reached statistical significance in varying reports [3,4,5]. B. Lasmar [6] found that endometrial polyps larger than 1.5 cm were associated with hyperplasia, while a separate report by Wang et al [3] identified that polyps measuring more than 1.0 cm were associated with malignancy. The oncogenic potential of large polyps is evaluated and evidence-based management strategies are discussed

Case Series

Findings

Discussion