Onasemnogene abeparvovec in spinal muscular atrophy: predictors of efficacy and safety in naïve patients with spinal muscular atrophy and following switch from other therapies.

Abstract

Efficacy and safety of onasemnogene abeparvovec (OA) for Spinal Muscular Atrophy infants under 7 months and <8.5kg has been reported in clinical trials. This study examines efficacy and safety predictors in a wide age (22 days-72 months) and weight (3.2-17kg) range, also including patients previously treated with other drugs. 46 patients were treated for 12 months between January 2020 and March 2022. Safety profile was also available for another 21 patients with at least 6 month follow-up after OA infusion. 19/67 were treatment naïve when treated with OA. Motor function was measured with the CHOP-INTEND. CHOP-INTEND changes varied among age groups. Baseline score and age at OA treatment best predicted changes. A mixed model post-hoc analysis showed that in patients treated before the age of 24 months the CHOP-INTEND changes were already significant 3 months after OA while in those treated after the age of 24 months the difference was only significant 12 months after OA. Adverse events occurred in 51/67. The risk for elevated transaminases serum levels was higher in older patients. This was also true for weight and for pre-treatment with nusinersen when analysed individually. A binomial negative regression analysis showed that only age at OA treatment had a significant effect on the risk of elevated transaminases. Our paper describes OA 12-month follow-up showing efficacy across various age and weight groups not targeted by clinical trials. The study identifies prognostic factors for safety and efficacy in treatment selection. None.