Abstract

This report presents results of measurements obtained with the application of photogrammetric false parallax (i.e., the so-called Cameron effect) which has long been recognized as an accurate and expedient method of measuring particle movements in a plane parallel to the photographic image plane. Discussion will be made of the measured displacement fields of a granular medium in relation to earth pressure characteristics which become important in the practice of excavating tunnels at shallow depths, because soil deformations around the tunnel and the ground surface settlements caused by tunnel excavation have not fully been understood at the present stage.

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