Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been extensively studied in the literature. However, in hostile environments where node connectivity is severely compromised, the system performance can be greatly affected. In this work, we consider such a hostile environment where sensor nodes cannot directly communicate to some neighboring nodes. Building on this, we propose a distributed data gathering scheme where data packets are stored in different nodes throughout the network instead to considering a single sink node. As such, if nodes are destroyed or damaged, some information can still be retrieved. To evaluate the performance of the system, we consider the properties of different graphs that describe the connections among nodes. It is shown that the degree distribution of the graph has an important impact on the performance of the system. A teletraffic analysis is developed to study the average buffer size and average packet delay. To this end, we propose areference nodeapproach, which entails an approximation for the mathematical modeling of these networks that effectively simplifies the analysis and approximates the overall performance of the system.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks are deployed to monitor specific physical variables for many applications, such as animal tracking in forests, structural health monitoring in buildings, or even ambulatory medical surveillance in body area networks
The hostility is twofold: for one part, it prevents nodes from connecting to neighbor nodes, and secondly, since nodes are prone to malfunction or even destruction, gathered information is disseminated throughout the network instead of a single sink node (ii) We use the properties of the graph that describe the topology of the Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in order to determine if the performance of the system is adequate for different system conditions
We consider a WSN in hostile environments where many links between neighbor nodes are unreliable and, cannot be used to establish direct communication among them
Summary
Wireless sensor networks are deployed to monitor specific physical variables for many applications, such as animal tracking in forests, structural health monitoring in buildings, or even ambulatory medical surveillance in body area networks. (i) A WSN in hostile environments is studied, evaluated, and analyzed In this case, the hostility is twofold: for one part, it prevents nodes from connecting to neighbor nodes, and secondly, since nodes are prone to malfunction or even destruction, gathered information is disseminated throughout the network instead of a single sink node (ii) We use the properties of the graph that describe the topology of the WSN in order to determine if the performance of the system is adequate for different system conditions. The network administrator can use a particular graph (by changing the node’s position or the number of nodes) to achieve a target performance metric (iii) An approximate mathematical analysis is developed to study the WSN is such a hostile condition, which can be used in other applications with similar connectivity properties. The paper concludes presenting relevant numerical results and conclusions
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