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Abstract
In this study, ultra-high-carbon steels with 1.4% carbon content alloyed with three different aluminum contents, 2.0%, 4.0% and 6.0%, were studied on their tempering stability and temperature resistance. The results showed that the addition of Al significantly enhanced the tempering stability and temperature resistance of ultra-high-carbon steel. The addition of Al inhibited the transformation of ε-carbide to cementite, suppressed the transition of martensite to ferrite and thus, endowed ultra-high carbon steels to maintain very high hardness during tempering within a wide range of temperature up to 500 °C. The present work provides a useful basis on which to develop bearing steel materials with low density and high hardness.
Highlights
Ultra-high-carbon steels (UHCSs), which are hypereutectoid steels (1 to 2.1% C), have been studied extensively, owing to their unique mechanical properties [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The three types of UHCSs were quenched in oil after isothermal treatment at different temperatures in the range of 750–900 ◦ C for 30 min
Based on the above results, three types of UHCSs and GCr15-bearing steel were treated by quenching, cryogenic treatment and tempering at different temperatures to explore the effect of Al content on tempering stability
Summary
Ultra-high-carbon steels (UHCSs), which are hypereutectoid steels (1 to 2.1% C), have been studied extensively, owing to their unique mechanical properties [1,2,3,4,5,6]. When prepared by an appropriate process and alloying, UHCSs can be superplastic at elevated temperatures and exhibit high strength and good ductility at room temperature [9,10] Such intriguing properties are attributed to the elimination of deleterious proeutectoid network carbides and the development of ultrafine carbides in spherical or pearlitic form [11,12,13]. Al content on tempering stability and temperature resistance of ultra-high-carbon steel were investigated in this study. Our aim in this research is to reveal the unique microstructure and properties of ultra-high-carbon-steel alloyed with aluminum and to demonstrate the possibility of the application of ultra-highcarbon steel as a promising bearing material with low density, ultra-high hardness and high temperature resistance
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