On the Temperature in the Frame

Abstract

The details of the in and out flow of heat just at the ground surface in the open field and frame are shown in Fig. 1 (a), (b) and the well known formulae (1) and (2) is to hold true in each case. Assuming that the temperatures of the ground surface on the open field and frame were identical, (3) is obtained subtracting (2) from (1) and taking the daily mean values, the formula (4) is obtainable.Each side of this formula was calculated separately by the data measured in different days. When they are equal, the mean temperature in the farme on one day is equal to that in the open field on the other day. When the left side value was greater than the right, this heat difference must be supplied in to the frame on one day, to get the same mean temperature of the open field on the other day.The calculated values from this formula by using the diurnal mean data in Tokyo from 1876 to 1948, are shown in Fig. 2. In this diagram, the curve I denotes the daily variation of heat of the left side values, and the curve II denotes those of the right sides. For example, it is easely seen from this figure, that the frame on the 1st March is equal to the open fields on 5th April in respect of mean temperature, and that in order to get the mean temperature of the open field on the 1st May, they supplying heat in the ground surface of the frame is 160 calories.There is a question when the deficient heat is to be supplied. However it is clearly understood from Fig. 3 that this heat is to be added during the night as the diurnal amplitude of temperature on the frame is larger than that of the open field.