Abstract
In this paper, the effects of part build directions or raster orientations have been studied on the strain-life fatigue parameters of a wide range of 3D printed plastic materials. These materials have been manufactured through Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), also known under its trademarked name Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). To do so, precise analyses of fatigue data with the Ramberg-Osgood form of stress-strain curves were utilized through a strain-based approach to fatigue. The effects of different load ratios and types of loading on fatigue parameters have also been studied. Materials considered in this study were Ultem 9085, Polycarbonate (PC), and Polylactic Acid (PLA). Additive manufactured plastic parts that are FDM-processed exhibited large anisotropy of strain-life fatigue parameters. Hence, the upper and lower bounds for fatigue life prediction were introduced based on the strongest and weakest part build directions or raster orientations of 3D printed materials. For all materials studied in the present paper, fill densities, which seem to have significant impact on fatigue strength of 3D printed parts, have been selected based on the maximum fatigue strength of each part. Results showed that, in some build orientations, the transition fatigue life does not exist. In other orientations, in which the plastic strain components are high enough, transition fatigue lives vary roughly between 20–400 cycles. This means that if the part design in very low cycle fatigue regime is of interest, plastic strains and more complicated plasticity analysis are needed. Results show that the load ratio has no major impact on the fatigue parameters of 3D printed PC parts. In addition, changing in the loading type from tensile fatigue to rotating bending fatigue can significantly impact the fatigue strength coefficient of 3D printed PLA specimens however, it does not noticeably alter the fatigue strength exponents.
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