On the spatiotemporal structures of ratio-dependent prey–predator model of ecological system

Abstract

Ecological system is the interaction of biological community with other organisms and their physical environments. One of the important models is spatiotemporal prey–predator model of Michaelis–Menten-type functional response and reaction diffusion with constant harvest rate. This paper investigates the spatiotemporal structures of ratio-dependent prey and predator densities under different constraint conditions and suitable parameters. The [Formula: see text] model expansion technique is followed to extract these densities. The prey and predator densities behave differently depending on the diffusion coefficients and other parametric ratios. The 3D and 2D behavior of these densities are also plotted and observed. These results may help for better understanding to study the biological community in a real marine environment or ecological system.