Abstract
The solubility of group IV transition metals Ti, Zr, and Hf in liquid Al was measured by the settling technique coupled with ICP-AES analysis after dissolution in hydrochloric acid. The kinetic aspect of the settling technique was studied in order to show that, after a cooling step, thermodynamic equilibrium between the liquid and solid phases could be achieved after only 1 h. Finally, it was verified that solubility values obtained after a cooling or a heating step were fully consistent. The present results demonstrate that the immersion-and-settling technique allows reliable solubility values to be determined. The results confirm the values previously reported in the literature and the good description for the three binaries by the existing CALPHAD optimizations concerning the liquidus below 800°C.
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