Abstract
As the use of wireless sensor networks increases, the need for efficient and reliable broadcasting algorithms grows. Ideally, a broadcasting algorithm should have the ability to quickly disseminate data, while keeping the number of transmissions low. In this paper, we analyze the popular Trickle algorithm, which has been proposed as a suitable communication protocol for code maintenance and propagation in wireless sensor networks. We show that the broadcasting process of a network using Trickle can be modeled by a Markov chain and that this chain falls under a class of Markov chains, closely related to residual lifetime distributions. It is then shown that this class of Markov chains admits a stationary distribution of a special form. These results are used to analyze the Trickle algorithm and its message count. Our results prove conjectures made in the literature concerning the effect of a listen-only period. Besides providing a mathematical analysis of the algorithm, we propose a generalized version of Trickle, with an additional parameter defining the length of a listen-only period.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become more and more popular in the last few years and have many applications [1]
In [13], the Trickle algorithm has been proposed in order to effectively and efficiently distribute and maintain code in wireless sensor networks
We presented a generalized version of the Trickle algorithm with a new parameter η, which allows us to set the length of a listen-only period
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become more and more popular in the last few years and have many applications [1] These networks consist of compact, inexpensive sensor units that can communicate with each other by wireless transmissions. They require efficient and reliable communication protocols that can quickly propagate new information, while keeping the number of transmissions low, in order to conserve energy and maximize the lifetime of the network. It uses a counter method to reduce the number of redundant transmissions in a network and to prevent a broadcast storm [17] This makes Trickle a very energy-efficient and popular method of maintaining a sensor network. The algorithm has been standardized by the IETF as the mechanism that regulates the transmission of the control messages used to create the network graph in the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and
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