Abstract
To understand the mystery of final unification, in our earlier publications, we proposed two bold concepts: 1) There exist three atomic gravitational constants associated with electroweak, strong and electromagnetic interactions. 2) There exists a strong elementary charge in such a way that its squared ratio with normal elementary charge is close to reciprocal of the strong coupling constant. In this paper we propose that, ℏc can be considered as a compound physical constant associated with proton mass, electron mass and the three atomic gravitational constants. With these ideas, an attempt is made to understand nuclear stability and binding energy. In this new approach, with reference to our earlier introduced coefficients k = 0.00642 and f = 0.00189, nuclear binding energy can be fitted with four simple terms having one unique energy coefficient. The two coefficients can be addressed with powers of the strong coupling constant. Classifying nucleons as ‘free nucleons’ and ‘active nucleons’, nuclear binding energy and stability can be understood. Starting from , number of isotopes seems to increase from 2 to 16 at and then decreases to 1 at For Z >= 84, lower stability seems to be, Alower=(2.5 to 2.531)Z.
Highlights
Introduction to Large GravitationalCoupling ConstantsTo understand the strong interaction, from 1974 to 1993, Tennakone, De Sabbata, Gasperini, Abdus Salam, Sivaram and K.P
To understand the mystery of final unification, in our earlier publications, we proposed two bold concepts: 1) There exist three atomic gravitational constants associated with electroweak, strong and electromagnetic interactions
In this paper we propose that, ħc can be considered as a compound physical constant associated with proton mass, electron mass and the three atomic gravitational constants
Summary
To understand the strong interaction, from 1974 to 1993, Tennakone, De Sabbata, Gasperini, Abdus Salam, Sivaram and K.P. In our 2011 and 2012 papers [6, 7] and recent papers [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20], we introduced a very large electromagnetic gravitational coupling constant In this context, we appeal that, 1) Success of any unified model depends on its ability to involve gravity in microscopic models. D) During this journey, without considering arbitrary numbers or coefficients, we come across many strange and interesting relations for estimating other atomic and nuclear coupling constants. 5) We strongly believe that, with further study, research and synthesizing the noticed relations in a systematic approach, actual essence of final unification can be understood
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