Abstract
The effect of prior constrained groove pressing on friction stir processing (FSP) of pure copper was investigated. The results illustrate the development of high strain and strength of FSP samples along with an increased strength base metal as a result of applying for a prior constrained groove pressing (CGP) pass. The influences of further FSP passes on the microstructures, and mechanical properties were also shown. The microstructural evaluation of the specimens indicated up to 10 times grain size reduction in FSP specimens as well as equiaxed microstructural morphology. Mechanical properties of the specimens were carried out through tensile and microhardness tests. It was demonstrated that the FSP could improve the strength and ductility of the specimens simultaneously through improved mechanical properties of the base metal resulting from prior CGP. The performed calculations show that values of dislocation density of the CGPed specimens experienced significant change after applying for FSP passes.
Highlights
Nano-crystalline materials are generally produced by two different methods named bottom-up and top-down
This is due to the fact that in the SPDed materials, the coarse-grained microstructure is changed to cell blocks and dislocation cells which lead to grain refinement [21]
The main achievement of this research was that the specimens which experienced prior constrained groove pressing (CGP) have high strength base metal along with high strength and ductility, while friction stir processed (FSPed) specimens without prior CGP suffer from the weak base metal
Summary
Nano-crystalline materials are generally produced by two different methods named bottom-up and top-down. In the case of the former, the nanostructured materials are formed atom-by-atom or layer-by-layer. In the case of the latter, the Metall. 363-379 technique to produce a nanocrystalline structure is severe plastic deformation (SPD) [1,2,3] Vol 23 (4) 2017 p. 363-379 technique to produce a nanocrystalline structure is severe plastic deformation (SPD) [1,2,3]
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