Abstract
The response of a linear, passive antenna in free space to an incident plane wave is related to its far-field radiation in the reverse direction by \bar{h}^{r} = \bar{h}^{t} . The vector effective height \bar{h}^{r} characterizes the voltage across the open-circuit antenna terminals induced by an incident plane-wave field, and the corresponding \bar{h}^{t} characterizes the far-field radiation of the antenna when driven by a current injected into the same terminals. This relationship, which is shown to follow from the well-known reciprocity principle, both includes phase and makes mathematically explicit the polarization relation involved in the identity of the transmit and receive patterns of an antenna.
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