Abstract
In the article, on the basis of observational data the problems of the specific frequency of globular clusters are studied. Possible relationships between them and the absolute stellar magnitude of their host galaxy are considered, where the observational data published in the literature were presented. It should be noted that before us the relationship between the specific frequency and the absolute magnitude is shown as exponential functions. An empirical relationship between the specific frequency and the absolute value of the host galaxy were obtained and showed that the dependence of the specific frequency on the absolute magnitude is not linear, but has a quadratic function. It is also shown that the specific frequency determines the number of globular clusters in a given galaxy relative to our Galaxy. Also in the article, based on the results of studies of the specific frequency, some discussions are presented related to the origin and evolution of globular clusters. The results obtained show that the ratios of the specific frequency to the luminosity of the host galaxy are different. Variations in the specific frequency of elliptical galaxies are associated with variations in the mass-to-luminous flux ratio. This may be due to the fact that the number of globular clusters in spiral galaxies per unit of luminosity of the halo and not of the entire galaxy. Analysis of the observational data shows that the values of the specific frequency of spiral galaxies are 5–6 times less than that of giant elliptical ones. As a result of the results of studies of the specific frequency of the globular clusters, unsolved problems are listed and possible solutions are shown. It is noted that the problem posed will be solved even more accurately if it is considered by the types of galaxies
Highlights
Globular clusters (GC) are the oldest objects in the Universe
The specific frequency SN, GC of elliptical and spiral galaxies plays an important role in using the properties of GC systems to limit the models of galaxy formation
As it is seen from equations (1), the specific frequency depends on the absolute value of the host galaxy and the number of GCs in the system
Summary
Globular clusters (GC) are the oldest objects in the Universe. With typical masses of about104 − 106 Solar masses (corresponding to stellar magnitudes MV = –5 to –10) and their compact sizes (tidal radii of several parsecs), they are observed in the outer regions of galaxies. Globular clusters (GC) are the oldest objects in the Universe. The results of the analysis of observational data GC are used to explain the origin and evolution of galaxies, the role of dark matter in the structure in the early Universe and their distribution in galaxies. GCs are valuable objects for theoretical and observational astronomy. The specific frequency SN, GC of elliptical and spiral galaxies plays an important role in using the properties of GC systems to limit the models of galaxy formation. The dependence of the specific frequency SN and the luminosity L means that this ratio will depend in some way on the brightness of the compared galaxies, that a larger number of GC around elliptical galaxies re spiral ones is a real effect. The formation of elliptical galaxies by merging is direct: elliptical galaxies have too many GC that have formed by merging spiral galaxies
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