On the Problem of Systematization of External Factors in the Restructuring of Machine-Building Enterprises

Abstract

The presented study examines the role of machine-building enterprises in the national economy and the effects of development factors on their performance. Aim . The study aims to determine the degree of influence of external factors on the operation of machine-building enterprises. Tasks . The authors identify various effects of external and internal development factors of machine-building enterprises in the system of macro-, meso-, and micro-levels. Methods . This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the role of machine-building enterprises in the national economy in various aspects. Some problems are solved using the methods of comparison and analysis. The information base of the study includes provisions of Russian and foreign theory of management of economic entities under market conditions; factual materials describing various aspects of operation of Russian machine-building enterprises; data from statistics agencies. Results . Machine-building enterprises are presented at three structural levels: first, as a key segment of the national economy, a foundation of modern industry and a source of innovative development of the economy as a whole; second, as a sophisticated complex consisting of twelve large integrated industries and over a hundred specialized sub-sectors; third, as a machine-building enterprise that is now a part of an integrated business structure (corporation). In modern economics, the three structural levels mentioned above correspond to three groups of scientific research in machine-building: macro -, meso-, and micro-economic. The concepts of external and internal operating environment of machine-building enterprises are substantiated. The authors note that in the restructuring of machine-building enterprises it is important to take into account the diversity and specific effects of these factors on enterprises and to neutralize negative and enhance positive external forces affecting the economic entity under restructuring. Conclusions . A comprehensive examination of machine-building enterprises as a part of the macro -, meso-, and micro-level of the national economic system makes it possible to determine the major effects of external factors on their development.