Abstract
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is being utilised for several purposes in military and civil domains, including surveillance, monitoring, and management, where networked sensors monitor and detect an event of interest and report to the concerned party through the WSN or the Internet infrastructure. Due to the characteristics of WSN, there are many fundamental technical challenges including the node deployment, event localization, and event tracking, among which, the probability of the event observability has a crucial role. The observability is defined as the capability of observing an evolving event in the monitoring area. The probability of detection ability in observing an event depends on the parameters of the detection function, which in turn rely on the sensor technology and the nature of the surrounding environment. This paper addresses the observation of an event using WSN and how accurately the event is observed in the monitoring area. It presents a practical solution for event observability after formulizing and establishing the complexity of observability issue and tackling its relation and impact on node deployment and event localization. Hence, a feasible event observation model has been proposed and validated in this paper. The numerical results of the experimental evaluation have confirmed that an accurate detection of an occurring event can be achieved by the proposed model.
Highlights
The rapid development in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMs) and the computation and communication technologies paved the way for the advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
An event would definitely be detected in the monitoring area if it occurs within the sensing range senr of a sensor i; that is, the event is detected if its distance d to the closest sensor i is less than i's sensing range senr
An event observation model that is based on probabilistic concept has been presented
Summary
The rapid development in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMs) and the computation and communication technologies paved the way for the advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Sensors have the ability to operate independently, perform intended sensing tasks, process the sensed data, and report to a particular interested remote station [3, 14, 15] Besides these advantages, the low cost and reliability of sensors have facilitated the establishment of numerous applications for various monitoring and management purposes including environment, transportation, human activity, detection and target tracking, underground mining and pipeline (such as water, oil, gas), healthcare , precision agriculture, industrial and supply chain [9]. The observability is related to the probability of sensing an event by sensors, where high observability indicates that there is a higher possibility that an event can be detected by the nearby sensors. The objectives of the research work presented in this paper are to come up with a practical solution for event observability once formulizing and establishing the complexity of observability problem, and to tackle its relation and impact on sensors deployment and event localization.
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